Hantavirus Symptoms & Prevention
Know the warning signs. Protect yourself and your family.
What is Hantavirus?
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a severe, sometimes fatal respiratory disease caused by infection with hantaviruses. These viruses are carried by certain species of rodents, primarily the deer mouse in North America.
⚠️ Important: HPS has a mortality rate of approximately 38%. Early detection is critical.
Early Symptoms (First 1-2 Weeks)
Fever
Temperature above 101°F (38.3°C)
Muscle Aches
Especially in thighs, hips, back, and shoulders
Fatigue
Extreme tiredness and weakness
Nausea
Vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain
Dizziness
Lightheadedness upon standing
Chills
Shivering and feeling cold
⚠️ Late-Stage Symptoms (4-10 Days After Initial Symptoms)
- 🫁 Coughing and shortness of breath
- 🫁 Fluid filling the lungs (pulmonary edema)
- 💓 Low blood pressure and reduced heart efficiency
- 🏥 Requires immediate hospitalization
How Hantavirus Spreads
Rodent Droppings, Urine, and Saliva
The virus is shed in rodent waste. When these materials dry and are disturbed, tiny particles become airborne and can be inhaled.
Airborne Transmission
Breathing in dust contaminated with infected rodent excretions is the primary route of infection.
Direct Contact (Rare)
Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your face, or being bitten by an infected rodent.
Prevention Measures
Clean Safely
Wear gloves and a mask. Spray disinfectant before sweeping. Never vacuum rodent droppings.
Seal Entry Points
Close gaps larger than 1/4 inch around doors, windows, and utility lines.
Store Food Properly
Keep food in sealed containers. Clean up crumbs and spills immediately.
Outdoor Precautions
When camping or hiking, avoid disturbing rodent nests and burrows.
Control Rodents
Use traps to reduce rodent populations. Check traps regularly.
Ventilate
Open windows and doors for 30 minutes before cleaning enclosed spaces.
🚨 When to Seek Medical Help
If you have been exposed to rodents or their waste and develop symptoms within 1-8 weeks, seek medical attention immediately. Tell your doctor about the potential exposure.
Call 911 or go to the emergency room if you experience:
- • Severe shortness of breath
- • Difficulty breathing while lying down
- • Bluish lips or face
- • Confusion or dizziness